Essential Hotels > England > Kent > Dover

Dover sits on the southeastern coast of Kent and is traditionally known as the exit and entry point from England to France. The arrival from France is particularly special as the iconic White Cliffs of Dover greet you on approach. The modern port is economically vital to the area, but it has long been a historic crossing point and responsible for two long-established roles: transport and trade with mainland Europe, and the cornerstone of national defences.

Archaeological investigations have found Bronze and Stone Age remains, but the most significant ancient township was founded by the Romans. They named the town Dubris, and built the first major fortifications along the coast. Successive settlers continued to reinforce the defences, with Dover Castle being constructed in the 12th century. High on the white chalk cliffs, Dover Castle commands the Channel and the busy harbour. In the years since Henry II built the massive keep and the curtain walls next to the Roman lighthouse in the 1180s the castle has been much strengthened and extended. Unlike many historic defences, Dover Castle remained of military importance, and played an important role in World War II.

Around the same time as the founding of Dover Castle, Dover was designated as one of the Cinque Ports. Alongside Hastings, Hythe, New Romney and Sandwich, Dover provided the king with ships and hands in exchange for special privileges. Dover’s trade and military heritage continued over the following centuries, and was later joined by a burgeoning reputation as a Victorian seaside resort. Its heavy fortifications proved invaluable during the early years of the 20th century, but at a cost. Dover was essential for the mobilisaton of troops across the English Channel, but as a result it was the first UK site to be bombed during World War I. Similarly, the town took heavy fire and extensive damage during World War II.

Nowadays Dover is a fleeting stop for many travellers using the passenger ferries across to France. Dover Priory Rail Station provides regular rail services to and from London, making transport to the coast very easy. If you have the time to stop in Dover, this historic town can offer a choice of museums and attractions exploring the heritage of the area. Dover Castle is open to the public, and a stroll along the White Cliffs is a lovely way to spend an hour.